A Study on Sustainable Catalysis and Eco-Friendly Chemical Processes

Abstract

Sustainable catalysis and eco-friendly chemical processes represent a transformative paradigm in modern chemistry aimed at minimizing environmental impact while maximizing efficiency, safety, and economic viability. This field integrates the core principles of Green Chemistry and sustainable development to design catalytic systems that reduce energy consumption, waste generation, and toxic by-products. Catalysis plays a central role in industrial manufacturing, as over 85% of chemical processes rely on catalytic transformations. The development of heterogeneous, homogeneous, and biocatalysts has significantly enhanced reaction selectivity, atom economy, and resource utilization.