The Role of Non-State Actors in Shaping International Policy: A Case Study of NGOs and Multinational Corporations

Abstract

This paper explores the influence of non-state actors—specifically non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and multinational corporations (MNCs)—on international policy formulation. Through a detailed case study approach, the research examines how these actors shape and reshape global policies and agreements. NGOs often play a crucial role in advocating for human rights, environmental protection, and social justice, leveraging their expertise and grassroots connections to impact policy decisions. Conversely, MNCs wield significant economic power and strategic interests that can drive policy changes in favor of their business goals. The interplay between these non-state actors and traditional state-based institutions is analyzed to understand their impact on policy outcomes. This study highlights the complex dynamics at play and provides insights into the growing importance of non-state actors in the global policy arena, contributing to a more nuanced understanding of international relations and policy development.